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What are the factors that affect the reliability of electronic connectors?

Electronic connectors are one of the most critical components in an electronic package in a connection system, providing the mechanical and electrical support necessary for efficient operation of the electronics. The electronic connector facilitates the transmission of electrical signals between the components within the assembly and the level of packaging, while also creating a mechanical connection for the packaging structure. Ideally, a separate connector acts as a separable interface between the two subsystems without introducing unwanted effects such as signal distortion or power loss.

As a detachable device, the mating connector interface is detachable, allowing parts to be manufactured separately for assembly at a central location, and for easier maintenance and upgrade of components. Connector reliability is an important factor in electronic systems and can have a significant impact on product performance.

One of the main factors affecting the reliability of electronic connectors involves time dependence, which is the calculation of the connector failure rate measured relative to the length of time the connector is operating. Time-related issues are the most common cause of connector failure.

Another reliability factor is the plug dependency, which is the result of the amount of actuation and the amount of deactivation that occurs during connector operation. Most plug-related faults can be reversed by additional connector insertion or need to be repaired or replaced for the system to perform efficiently.