Optical fiber connector is a device for detachable (movable) connection between optical fiber and optical fiber, including many types. In the actual application process, we generally distinguish according to the basic structure of optical fiber connectors. The following briefly introduces some of the more common types of optical fiber connectors.
1. FC fiber optic connector
This connector was first developed by NTT of Japan. FC is the abbreviation of Ferrule Connector, indicating that the external reinforcement method is a metal sleeve, and the fastening method is a turnbuckle. This type of connector has simple structure, convenient operation, and easy manufacture, but the fiber end is more sensitive to fine dust, and is prone to Fresnel reflection, which makes it difficult to improve the return loss performance. Later, a spherical contact pin (PC) with a butt end surface was used, which greatly improved the insertion loss and return loss performance.
2. SC type optical fiber connector
The housing of this optical fiber connector is rectangular, and the structure size of the pin and coupling sleeve used is exactly the same as that of the FC type. The end face of the pin is mostly in the PC or APC type grinding method; the fastening method is the plug pin latch No need to rotate. This type of connector is cheap, easy to plug and unplug, small insertion loss fluctuations, high compressive strength, and high installation density (the most used on router switches).
3. ST type optical fiber connector
Commonly used in optical fiber distribution frames, the shell is round and the fastening method is turnbuckles.
4. LC type optical fiber connector
The LC type connector is made of a modular jack (RJ) latch mechanism that is easy to operate. The size of the pins and sleeves used is half the size used by ordinary SC, FC, etc., which is 1.25mm. This can increase the density of optical fiber connectors in the optical distribution frame. At present, in terms of single-mode SFF, LC-type connectors have actually occupied a dominant position, and their applications in multi-mode have also grown rapidly.
5. DIN4 type optical fiber connector
The structure size of the pin and coupling sleeve used in this connector is the same as that of the FC type, and the end face treatment adopts the PC grinding method. Compared with the FC type connector, its structure is more complicated. The internal metal structure has a spring to control the pressure, which can avoid damage to the end surface due to excessive insertion pressure. In addition, the mechanical precision of this connector is high, so the insertion loss value is small.
7. MT-RJ type connector
The MT-RJ connector has the same latch mechanism as the RJ-45 type LAN electrical connector. The optical fiber is aligned with the guide pins installed on both sides of the small sleeve. In order to facilitate the connection with the optical transceiver, the connector end face optical fiber Designed for dual-core (0.75mm spacing) arrangement, it is a next-generation high-density optical connector mainly used for data transmission.
8. MU type connector
The MU connector is the smallest single-core optical fiber connector in the world at present. The connector uses a 1.25mm diameter sleeve and a self-retaining mechanism. Its advantage is that it can achieve high-density installation. With the rapid development of optical fiber networks towards greater bandwidth and greater capacity and the widespread application of DWDM technology, the demand for MU connectors will also grow rapidly.
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